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FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology Aug 2000Burkholderia cepacia is now recognised as a life-threatening pathogen among several groups of immunocompromised patients. In this context, the proposed large-scale use...
Burkholderia cepacia is now recognised as a life-threatening pathogen among several groups of immunocompromised patients. In this context, the proposed large-scale use of these bacteria in agriculture has increased the need for a better understanding of the genetics of the species forming the B. cepacia complex. Until now, little information has been available on the bacteriophages of the B. cepacia complex. Transducing phages, named NS1 and NS2, were derived from the lysogenic B. cepacia strains ATCC 29424 and ATCC 17616. The frequency of transduction per phage particle ranged from 1.0x10(-8) to 7.0x10(-6) depending on the phage and recipient strain used. The host range of NS1 and NS2 differed but in each case included environmental and clinical isolates, and strains belonging to several species and genomovars of the B. cepacia complex. The host range of both phages also included Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Some B. cepacia complex isolates were sensitive to the well-characterised P. aeruginosa transducing phages, B3, F116L and G101. The lytic activity of NS1 and NS2 was inhibited by B. cepacia lipopolysaccharide suggesting that this moiety is a binding site for both phages. The molecular size of the NS1 and NS2 genomes was approximately 48 kb.
Topics: Bacteriophages; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Humans; Lysogeny; Microscopy, Electron; Pseudomonas Phages; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Transduction, Genetic
PubMed: 10891654
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2000.tb01491.x -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2023Due to the increase in multidrug-resistant microorganisms, the investigation of novel or more efficient antimicrobial compounds is essential. The World Health... (Review)
Review
Due to the increase in multidrug-resistant microorganisms, the investigation of novel or more efficient antimicrobial compounds is essential. The World Health Organization issued a list of priority multidrug-resistant bacteria whose eradication will require new antibiotics. Among them, , and Enterobacteriaceae are in the "critical" (most urgent) category. As a result, major investigations are ongoing worldwide to discover new antimicrobial compounds. , specifically sensu stricto, is recognized as an antimicrobial-producing group of species. Highly dissimilar compounds are among the molecules produced by this genus, such as those that are unique to a particular strain (like compound CF66I produced by CF-66) or antimicrobials found in a number of species, e.g., phenazines or ornibactins. The compounds produced by include N-containing heterocycles, volatile organic compounds, polyenes, polyynes, siderophores, macrolides, bacteriocins, quinolones, and other not classified antimicrobials. Some of them might be candidates not only for antimicrobials for both bacteria and fungi, but also as anticancer or antitumor agents. Therefore, in this review, the wide range of antimicrobial compounds produced by is explored, focusing especially on those compounds that were tested in vitro for antimicrobial activity. In addition, information was gathered regarding novel compounds discovered by genome-guided approaches.
Topics: Burkholderia; Anti-Infective Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Burkholderia cepacia; Bacteriocins
PubMed: 36838633
DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041646 -
Research in Microbiology May 2004Quorum sensing is a cell-density-dependent regulatory mechanism which, in Gram-negative bacteria, usually involves the production and detection of N-acyl homoserine... (Review)
Review
Quorum sensing is a cell-density-dependent regulatory mechanism which, in Gram-negative bacteria, usually involves the production and detection of N-acyl homoserine lactones (HSLs). In the last four years HSL-dependent quorum sensing has been identified in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, and this mini-review summarizes initial findings and discusses future perspectives.
Topics: 4-Butyrolactone; Bacterial Proteins; Burkholderia cepacia; Signal Transduction
PubMed: 15142620
DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2004.01.006 -
PloS One 2020The opportunistic pathogens Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia contaminans, both genomovars of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC), are frequently cultured from...
The opportunistic pathogens Burkholderia cepacia and Burkholderia contaminans, both genomovars of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC), are frequently cultured from the potable water dispenser (PWD) of the International Space Station (ISS). Here, we sequenced the genomes and conducted phenotypic assays to characterize these Burkholderia isolates. All recovered isolates of the two species fall within monophyletic clades based on phylogenomic trees of conserved single-copy core genes. Within species, the ISS-derived isolates all demonstrate greater than 99% average nucleotide identity (with 95-99% of genomes aligning) and share around 90% of the identified gene clusters from a pangenomic analysis-suggesting that the two groups are each composed of highly similar genomic lineages and their members may have all stemmed from the same two founding populations. The differences that can be observed between the recovered isolates at the pangenomic level are primarily located within putative plasmids. Phenotypically, macrophage intracellularization and lysis occurred at generally similar rates between all ISS-derived isolates, as well as with their respective type-terrestrial strain references. All ISS-derived isolates exhibited antibiotic sensitivity similar to that of the terrestrial reference strains, and minimal differences between isolates were observed. With a few exceptions, biofilm formation rates were generally consistent across each species. And lastly, though isolation date does not necessarily provide any insight into how long a given isolate had been aboard the ISS, none of the assayed physiology correlated with either date of isolation or distances based on nucleotide variation. Overall, we find that while the populations of Burkholderia present in the ISS PWS each maintain virulence, they are likely are not more virulent than those that might be encountered on planet and remain susceptible to clinically used antibiotics.
Topics: Burkholderia; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Drinking Water; Phylogeny; Spacecraft; Virulence
PubMed: 32074104
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227152 -
Scientific Reports Nov 2017Biodiesel production using immobilized lipase as a biocatalyst is a promising process. The performance of immobilized lipase is mainly determined by supporting materials...
Biodiesel production using immobilized lipase as a biocatalyst is a promising process. The performance of immobilized lipase is mainly determined by supporting materials and immobilization method. To avoid the shortcomings of adsorption and covalent bonding methods, in this study, we developed a novel heterofunctional carrier of being strengthened anion exchange and weakened covalent binding to avoid activity loss and improve operational stability of the immobilized lipase. 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride with epoxy and quaternary ammonium group and glutaraldehyde were grafted onto aminated magnetic nanoparticles (AMNPs) to generate a new matrix, named GEAMNP. Then Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) was immobilized on GEAMNP via anion exchange and covalent bonding. The transesterification between soybean oil and methanol was used to test the activities. Activity recovery of the immobilized BCL was up to 147.4% and the corresponding transesterification activity was 1.5-fold than that of BCL powder. The immobilized lipase was further used for biodiesel production to confirm its feasibility. The fatty acid methyl esters conversion yield could reach 96.8% in the first 12 h. Furthermore, the immobilized lipase, BCL-GEAMNP showed markedly improved operational stability, better reusability and higher esters than BCL-GAMNP, where MNPs were only modified with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane and glutaraldehyde.
Topics: Biocatalysis; Bioengineering; Biofuels; Burkholderia cepacia; Chromatography, Gas; Enzymes, Immobilized; Fatty Acids; Lipase; Magnetite Nanoparticles; Soybean Oil
PubMed: 29184106
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16626-5 -
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection... Jul 2020Due to the increasing rate of hospital-acquired infections, it is essential to select appropriate disinfectant agents. In this study, the efficacy of hospital... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Due to the increasing rate of hospital-acquired infections, it is essential to select appropriate disinfectant agents. In this study, the efficacy of hospital disinfectants against nosocomial infection pathogens was compared.
METHODS
High level disinfectants (Steranios 2%, Deconex HLDPA, and Microzed Quatenol) were tested for their antibacterial effects by determining their minimum inhibitory (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 10673.
RESULTS
E. faecalis, as gram-positive bacterium, was more susceptible to high level disinfectants compared to gram-negative B.cepacia. The MIC = MBC values of 2% Steranios, Deconex HLDPA and Microzed Quatenol against E. faecalis and B.cepacia were 0.31, 9.77, 2.2 mg/L and 9.8, 78.13, 70.31 mg/L, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
According to the findings of this study, the most effective disinfectants against both E. faecalis and B.cepacia were Steranios 2%, Microzed Quatenol, and Deconex HLDPA in order. Considering the importance of these bacterial strains in healthcare-associated infections, the use of these effective disinfectants is recommended in the hospitals.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Burkholderia cepacia; Cross Infection; Disinfectants; Enterococcus faecalis; Hospitals; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
PubMed: 32698895
DOI: 10.1186/s13756-020-00781-y -
Critical Care (London, England) 2008Alvarez-Lerma and colleagues observed over an 18-day period that five critically ill patients admitted to a multidisciplinary 18-bed intensive care unit contracted...
Alvarez-Lerma and colleagues observed over an 18-day period that five critically ill patients admitted to a multidisciplinary 18-bed intensive care unit contracted Burkholderia cepacia from unopened containers of moisturizing body milk, calling into question the use in critical care settings of cosmetic products that do not guarantee sterilization during the manufacturing process. Is this the answer to the problem, however, or should the use of lotions in such settings be re-examined?
Topics: Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Cross Infection; Emollients; Equipment Contamination; Humans; Intensive Care Units
PubMed: 18304377
DOI: 10.1186/cc6781 -
FEMS Microbiology Letters Nov 2003Previous studies have identified specific Burkholderia cepacia complex strains that are common to multiple persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). Such so-called epidemic...
Previous studies have identified specific Burkholderia cepacia complex strains that are common to multiple persons with cystic fibrosis (CF). Such so-called epidemic strains have an apparent enhanced capacity for inter-patient spread and reside primarily in Burkholderia cenocepacia (formerly B. cepacia complex genomovar III). We sought to identify strains from B. cepacia complex species other than B. cenocepacia that are similarly shared by multiple CF patients. We performed genotype analysis of 360 recent sputum culture isolates from 360 persons residing in 29 cities by using repetitive extragenic palendromic polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR) and pulsed field gel electrophoresis. The results indicate that sharing of a common Burkholderia multivorans strain occurs relatively infrequently; however, several small clusters of patients infected with the same strain were identified. A cluster of seven patients infected with the same B. cepacia (genomovar I) strain was found. We also identified a large group of 28 patients receiving care in the same treatment center and infected with the same Burkholderia dolosa strain. These observations suggest that B. cepacia complex strains in species other than B. cenocepacia may be spread among CF patients.
Topics: Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Cystic Fibrosis; Genotype; Humans; Sputum
PubMed: 14612237
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-1097(03)00724-9 -
Yonsei Medical Journal Jan 2016Hospital-acquired Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) infection are not commonly recorded in patients without underlying lung disease, such as cystic fibrosis and chronic...
PURPOSE
Hospital-acquired Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) infection are not commonly recorded in patients without underlying lung disease, such as cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. However, in 2014, B. cepacia appeared more frequently in pediatric blood samples than in any other year. In order to access this situation, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of B. cepacia infections in pediatric patients at our hospital.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study of blood isolates of B. cepacia taken at our hospital between January 2004 and December 2014. Patient clinical data were obtained by retrospective review of electronic medical records. We constructed a dendrogram for B. cepacia isolates from two children and five adult patients.
RESULTS
A total of 14 pediatric patients and 69 adult patients were identified as having B. cepacia bacteremia. In 2014, higher rates of B. cepacia bacteremia were observed in children. Most of them required Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care (12/14). In eleven children, sputum cultures were examined, and five of these children had the same strain of B. cepacia that grew out from their blood samples. Antibiotics were administered based on antibiotic sensitivity results. Four children expired despite treatment. Compared to children, there were no demonstrative differences in adults, except for history of ICU care.
CONCLUSION
Although there were not many pediatric cases at our hospital, awareness of colonization through hospital-acquired infection and effective therapy for infection of B. cepacia is needed, as it can cause mortality and morbidity.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Child; Child, Preschool; Cross Infection; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Incidence; Infant; Intensive Care Units; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Republic of Korea; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
PubMed: 26632388
DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.1.97 -
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and... Jan 2021Burkholderia cepacia, an opportunistic pathogen mainly affecting patients with cystic fibrosis or immunocompromised, has rarely been documented as a cause of corneal...
BACKGROUND
Burkholderia cepacia, an opportunistic pathogen mainly affecting patients with cystic fibrosis or immunocompromised, has rarely been documented as a cause of corneal infection. The clinical and microbiological profiles of B. cepacia keratitis are reported herein.
METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed the medical record of 17 patients with culture-proven B. cepacia keratitis, treated between 2000 and 2019 at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan. Our data included predisposing factors, clinical presentations, treatments, and visual outcomes of B. cepacia keratitis as well as the drug susceptibility of the causative agent.
RESULTS
The most common predisposing factor for B. cepacia keratitis was preexisting ocular disease (seven, 41.2%), particularly herpetic keratitis (five). Polymicrobial infection was detected in seven (41.2%) eyes. All B. cepacia isolates were susceptible to ceftazidime. Main medical treatments included levofloxacin or ceftazidime. Surgical treatment was required in five (29.4%) patients. Only four (23.5%) patients exhibited final visual acuity better than 20/200.
CONCLUSIONS
B. cepacia keratitis primarily affects patients with preexisting ocular disease, particularly herpetic keratitis, and responds well to ceftazidime or fluoroquinolones. However, the visual outcomes are generally poor.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Burkholderia Infections; Burkholderia cepacia; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; Female; Humans; Keratitis; Male; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Visual Acuity
PubMed: 33413453
DOI: 10.1186/s12941-020-00407-6